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September 12, 2005
Beginning of Extended (W)rant -- with the help of Christian Smith

The last few days have been very full. My roommate from college, Joe Kennell, came by. We've only seen each other a few times over the past 20 some years. We watched the Ohio State/Texas football game and regressed to behaviors of 25 years ago! It was a good time. Also, "The Return of the Tropical Lawnmowers", the girl's rec soccer team, started the season with a 3-1 victory -- using some borrowed players . . . but hey, a win is a win, exceeding our victory total from two years ago.

But as I've thought, I haven't really had a good (w)rant -- not being able to keep up with focalized weekly wrants. SO I thought I'd begin my week grumpily. I thought that I'd start an extended (w)rant of my favorite kind -- the way that contemporary social, political, and economic institutions have (mal)formed the life of the church and individual believers within our contemporary liberal democratic society.

My source for my (w)rant is a reading of Christian Smith's Soul Searching: The Religious and Spiritual Lives of American Teenagers (Oxford, 2005). I have come to believe that this social scientific description is absolutely necessary reading for anyone interested in the faithful life of the church in this society because it describes so well the parodies that liberal political theory produces in the name of Christianity or Islam or Judaism or Hindu. It makes no difference -- it is its own hegemonic, particularistic aggressively prosyletizing theological convictions that calls for absolute adherence to the polity that it supports -- the modern nation-state and its economic system of unfettered capitalism.

Before I (w)rant, I want to make sure that my (w)rant is directed towards the correct source -- not the churchs, pastors, and theologians that have been colonialized, and even willing cooperated with the colonialization of the church. Obviously it is good that God through Christ, not me, will judge (although I've often volunteered to help God in this task). The enemy is not the church that has been secularized, but the modernist state and its advocates that has with a passive aggressiveness managed to present their ideology as "natural". More accurately, this (w)rant is a means of penance for how deeply I have been formed by this cultural situation from which I need delivered so that I might live a holy life, acceptable to God, my reasonable service.

Thus it is that Smith suggests "that the defacto dominant religion among contemporary US teenagers is what we might well call 'Moralistic Therapeutic Deism' (p. 162). He argues that the teenagers are very conventional in their theological convictions, basically mirroring the convictions of their parents and adults as taught within the society at large. As you will discover, I think that he misuses the term "Deism" but will get to that in a view days. (W)right now we will concentrate on the first word in the phrase: Moralistic.

Smith writes, "First, Moralistic Therapeutic Deism is about inculcating a moralistic approach to life. It teaches that central to living a good and happy life is being a good, moral person. That means being nice, kind, pleasant, respectful, responsible, at work on self-improvement, taking care of one’s health, and doing one’s best to be successful. . . . Being moral in this faith means being the kind of persons that other people will like, fulfilling one’s personal potential, and not being socially disruptive or interpersonally obnoxious. . . . Feeling good about oneself is thus also an essential aspect of living a moral life" (p. 163).

I call this the tyranny of niceness -- and it is strongly moralistic. If you want to receive moral condemnation in this society, try to morally evaluate someone's behavior directly to them in front of others -- that is not nice, pleasant, tolerant. What is True, Good, or Beautiful recedes; what matters is personally affirming everyone.

Of course, finding one's "personal potential" is about finding a certain respectability within the cultural elite -- or at least working to support the social status quo around us. It has nothing to do with having the image of Triune God renewed in us that is already in God through the Son by the Spirit. Rather personal potential is understood in a sense of psychological satisfaction called "authenticity" or "meaning". The problem with these terms does not ever come to light. I keep trying to do inauthentic things, but I end up then being authentic in being inauthentic. And anytime I try to do something meaningless, I discover that it still has meaning!!

What happens is that holiness, love of God and neighbor, gets subtly perverted because love gets separated from God, and thus from truthfulness, goodness, and beauty. Thus what Benedict XVI has called the "tyranny of relativism" reigns -- moralistic condemning anyone who makes moral judgments based within the historical life of the church.

Interestingly -- and I will argue consistently -- this "relativistic moralism" is grounded in what people would call "conservative political and social systems" within American culture -- except for a few exceptions. For a good analysis of this within the conservative culture/politics of the US, see my friends Eric's analysis on epistemological relativism.

As we go on (w)ranting, we will have to discover how this moralism is a distortion, perversion of the ethics of the church, that has become very indistinguishable from the life of the church. It shows the difficulty that we must embrace to regain a language of holiness and sanctity that is much, much more true, beautiful, and good than the moralism described by Smith that dictates so much of my life.

Christ have mercy.
Lord have mercy.


Posted by johnwright at September 12, 2005 8:29 AM


Comments

I'm reading through an awesome guide to philosophy terms called 101 Key Terms in Philosophy and their Importance for Theology by Kelly James Clark, Richard Lints, and our friend James K. A. Smith. Your quoting of Smith regarding "Feeling good about oneself is thus also an essential aspect of living a moral life" reminds me an awful lot of Aristotelian ethics:

Aristotle's moral vision, espeically in his Nicomachean Ethics begins with the observation that all human actions are goal-directed and that the ultimate goal of all human action is happiness (eudaimonia). Happiness is the highest good (summum bonum) that orders our lives. Happiness is found in the life of virtue, particularly in the contemplation of the Divine....Aristotelian virtues include courage, generosity, civility, wittiness, modesty, and high-mindedness (often translated "pride" but means something like a healthy self-respect). In addition, Aristotle thought that the happy life required external conditions of happiness, such as friends, good looks, and sufficient money to provide for the leisure that contemplation requires (pages 8-9).

I don't think today's youth, with happiness as their goal, spend it focusing their thoughts on the divine, though. Consumer culture (the market) has taken over these desires. We have a difficult job ahead of us. Lord have mercy, indeed!

Posted by: Eric Lee at September 12, 2005 12:03 PM

I don't think today's youth, with happiness as their goal, spend it focusing their thoughts on the divine, though. Consumer culture (the market) has taken over these desires. We have a difficult job ahead of us. Lord have mercy, indeed!

Amen to that, Eric. It's we adults who have passed this on so unwittingly to our kids and younger ones. (Of course, it's been going on a while, but there seems to be less and less time for "life" (abundant life, "kairos") as more chronos is eaten up by trivial and "leisurely" pursuitsd which seem to be the goal and ultimate "acchivement" of all our strivings. There is much more connversation about exotic vacations and getting tickets to Titans games than there is about the things of the Kingdom (and that's in church!) Lord have mercy, absolutely! It's geting harder to see the "cracks".

Posted by: Dale at September 12, 2005 6:54 PM

Nice (w)rantings to reflect on. As you were talking about "relativistic moralism" being grounded in the political and social systems of our world you reminded me of my time in jury duty over this summer. The judge made the statement before the jury selections asking the "prospective jurors" to be honest about their "opinions," because it was imperative that the facts of the case be judged by an "impartial jury." In telling the truth about our "moral biases" we could then be singled out and dismissed from the court room. Needless to say I was dismissed as soon as I was asked to speak (the judge almost forgot to ask the lawyers before he dismissed me :) ). Thanks for you comments, John.

Peace,
Michael

Posted by: Michael at September 13, 2005 7:42 PM

Two comments.

First, in defense of Aristotle and virtue ethics, what Aristotle means by 'happiness' (or eudimonia) is definately NOT the same as what Smith is talking about in terms of "feeling good." Happiness is instead more along the lines of "living and doing well," or living up to one's nature.

This leads me to my second point. The idea of happiness (or even ethics) in general cannot be separated from its ontological, metaphysical and theological underpinnings. The failure to keep the underlying ground in mind is why Aristotle (and much of the medieval tradition that followed him) get such a bad rap. And it is also I think one of the reasons that MTD is so widespread. It's not just epistemological relativism, though that's part of it. It's metaphysical antirealism run amuck.

But what do I know? I'm just a philosopher (sorry John, couldn't resist!).

Posted by: Kevin Timpe at September 14, 2005 8:54 AM

Heh, shows what I know! Thanks for the clarification, Kevin!

peace,

eric

Posted by: Eric Lee at September 14, 2005 11:18 AM

No problem Eric. Not everyone has the leisure to read Aristotle that I do! While Aristotle certainly wasn't a Christian, I don't want Aristotelian ethics (or virtue ethics in general) to be seen as something antagonistic to Christian faith. As this and my comments on (W)Rant II hopefully show, there is a connection between virtue ethics and the Christian faith.

Peace,

Kevin

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